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The machine-consumable OWL 2 form of the CoreSense Ontology. CSO is authored by hand to match the SysML v2 model in sysml/ and the prose definitions in CS-115, which remain the conceptual source of record.
The CORESENSE Consortium
CoreSense Ontology (CSO)
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model reuses the standard library element Actions::Action.
action
An action is a performance that an agent executes or commands in order to bring about a change in an extended system.
action order
An action order is an executable directive, issued within a given context of an extended system, that activates the execution of the actions in a given action specification by the designated agents.
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model declares this element without prose.
action order status
An action order status records the execution status reached by a given action order.
action specification
An action specification is a concrete description, produced in response to an action trigger within a given context according to a chosen policy, that: (i) selects one or more actions from the candidate set determined by that policy, and (ii) assigns one or more responsible agents to each selected action.
action status
The execution status reached by an action order.
actuator
An actuator is a physical entity that, when provided with an input, produces a physical effect on the environment or the system (e.g., motion, force, or flow), thereby executing actions commanded by an agent.
adverse occurrence
adverse event
An adverse occurrence is an occurrence whose happening would negatively affect an entity, system, or extended system.
agent
An agent is an entity capable of executing or commanding actions.
binary relation
A binary relation is a relation between two entities, holding from a source entity to a target entity.
binary relation state
The state of a binary relation at a given time instant is the tuple of the values of its attributes.
capability
A capability is the ability of a system to perform a specific function successfully under stated conditions and acceptance criteria.
cognitive capability
A cognitive capability is a capability of a system that is realized by a cognitive function and enables the system to use knowledge to produce intentional action.
cognitive function
A cognitive function is a function that processes information by executing one or more modelets.
concern
A concern is a matter of interest to a stakeholder that, in a given context, can be derived from a need and may give rise to requirements.
context
Given an extended system, the context is the set of the content retained about that extended system, together with the assumptions and conditions, deemed relevant to interpret, evaluate and act within that extended system.
data
Data are encoded representations of aspects of an entity or system (e.g., phenomena, properties, states, or attributes) in a form suitable for communication, storage, or processing.
derived
engine
An engine is a component that exerts a modelet to derive a result.
entity
An entity is any thing in the universe of discourse that can be distinguished from all other things in that universe.
entity state
The state of an entity at a given time instant is the tuple of the values of its attributes.
environment
The environment of a system is the collection of entities that are not part of the system but are capable of influencing or being influenced by it.
epistemic state
The epistemic standing of a model: validated, evidenced, uncertain or limited.
estimation
Estimation is a cognitive function realized by a modelet-engine pair whose purpose is to infer unknown or uncertain quantities of a referent from available data and prior knowledge.
evaluation
Evaluation is an assessment of a projection with respect to a specific set of goals.
evidenced
exertion
exert
Exertion is the process of executing one or more modelets to given inputs in order to derive results about their referent.
exhibited behavior
The exhibited behavior of a system over an observational interval is the trajectory followed by the system during that interval.
extended system
An extended system is composed of a target system together with its selected environment and the relations between both of them.
feature
A feature is a derived piece of information that encodes some characteristic of an entity, system, phenomenon, or context, obtained from observations or sensor data and used as input to functions or modelets.
function
A function is a transformation that maps specific inputs to outputs.
functionality
A functionality is an instantiation of a capability with some expected performance that is intended to satisfy one or more goals within a given context.
goal
A goal is a subset of the possible states of an extended system representing the conditions that an agent intends to achieve or maintain.
historical
limited
measure of effectiveness
MOE
MOF level
OMG MOF
The OMG Meta Object Facility metamodeling layer, M0 to M3, at which a model sits.
measure of performance
MOP
meaning
Meaning is the informational content produced by exerting one or more modelets on input features, representing an interpretation of a phenomenon of the associated extended system within a given context.
metric
A metric is a measure used to assess mission success.
mission
A mission is a high-level goal expressed as desired effects or target conditions for an extended system within a given context.
mission plan
A mission plan is a collection of tasks, together with any required precedence relations among them, to be carried out in order to satisfy the mission within the given extended system and context.
mission specification
A mission specification is the set of specific goals refining a given mission, together with the mission success criteria (expressed as metrics and their satisfaction conditions) that enable assessment of mission success.
mission success criterion
A mission success criterion pairs a metric with a satisfaction condition in a given context.
model
A model is an entity that represents another entity (its referent).
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model declares this as a metadata definition nested in Model.
model metadata
Model metadata is the descriptive record of a model, covering its identity, modelled phenomenon, intended use, formalism, abstraction and metamodeling level, epistemic state, provenance and declared assumptions.
model type
The kind of model, by the nature of its representation.
modelet
A modelet is a model fragment that represents a specific aspect of a referent system or entity.
modelet aspect
The aspect of its referent that a modelet represents.
modelet-engine pair
A modelet-engine pair is the pairing of a modelet with an engine that can exert it.
original
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model states this as a constraint definition.
performance constraint
A performance constraint bounds the response time admissible when a model is used, for instance at run time.
performance measure
performance
Performance is a measure of how effectively the exhibited behavior of a system (or one of its components) contributes to fulfilling its goals when executing tasks within a given context.
performance measure type
The kind of performance measure used to assess a system: measure of effectiveness, measure of performance, or technical performance measure.
phenomenon
A phenomenon is any distinguishable aspect or behavior of an extended system, or of one of its parts, within a given context.
policy
A policy is a rule or strategy that, for a given action trigger and a given context of an extended system, determines a set of candidate actions that are admissible responses to that trigger in that context.
potential behavior
The potential behavior of a system over a time interval is the set of all trajectories the system may follow over that interval.
projection
Projection is a representation that maps a given situation of an extended system in a given context, into a representation in a chosen space, over a specified projection domain.
provenance
The origin and lifecycle standing of a model: original, derived, historical or versioned.
risk
A risk is a measure of the potential for an adverse event to negatively affect an entity, system, or extended system within a given context.
role
A role is a context- and time-dependent designation, with associated responsibilities and constraints, that an entity may assume in order to contribute to the achievement or maintenance of a goal.
scalability constraint
A scalability constraint bounds the load, such as the number of concurrent users, admissible when a model is used.
self model
A self model is a model whose referent is the owning system itself, so that referent and user coincide.
sense
Sense is the action of acquiring raw sensor data about the phenomenon being observed in the extended system.
sensor
A sensor is an entity that acquires raw sensor data about phenomena, properties, states, or attributes of an entity being observed in the extended system.
stakeholder
A stakeholder is an entity for whom a system S is relevant because the behavior or outcomes of S can affect the achievement of its own goals.
stakeholder value
Stakeholder value is the amount of benefit at a cost provided to stakeholders within a given context.
super system
A super system is a system whose components are, themselves, systems.
system
A system is an entity represented by a tuple (C, R), where C is a set of components and R is the set of binary relations between them.
system of interest
For a given stakeholder, the system of interest is the part of an extended system that constitutes the focus of engineering activities.
system state
The state of a system at a time instant is the complete set of attribute values describing the current condition of its components and their relations.
system trajectory
trajectory
A trajectory is a time-ordered sequence of states representing one possible evolution of the system over a time interval.
technical performance measure
TPM
task
A task is a set of planned actions, executed by one or more agents, that is intended to contribute to the achievement of one or more goals within a given context.
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model states this structurally rather than in prose.
time interval
A time interval is the stretch of time delimited by an initial time instant and a later final time instant, both on the same time scale.
trigger
action trigger
An action trigger is a condition on the state and/or exhibited behavior of an extended system, identified within a given context, whose satisfaction indicates the need to initiate the execution of one or more actions to contribute to the achievement or maintenance of one or more goals.
Editorial definition; the SysML v2 model declares this as an abstract constraint definition to be redefined in usages.
trigger condition
A trigger condition is the condition, evaluated in a given context of an extended system, whose satisfaction fires an action trigger.
uncertain
validated
versioned
world model
A world model is a model whose referent is the extended system being operated in.
aborted
abstraction level
The scope and detail level of a model, including the phenomena it includes and excludes.
actual response time
The response time actually attained when a model is used, in seconds.
addresses mission
Relates a mission plan or mission specification to the mission it serves.
analytical model
aspect description
A textual account of the aspect of its referent that a modelet represents.
assesses projection
Relates an evaluation to the projection it assesses.
assigned to agent
Relates an action to the agent made responsible for it.
assumption
A declared assumption, constraint or simplification made by a model.
behavior aspect
behavior of
Relates a behavior to the system that exhibits or may exhibit it.
benefit
The amount of benefit provided to a stakeholder in a context.
capability aspect
capability of
Relates a capability to the system that holds it.
commanded by
Relates an actuator to an agent that commands it.
commands
Relates an agent to an action whose execution it orders.
concerns extended system
Relates a term to the extended system it is stated about.
contributes to behavior
Relates a role to a potential behavior it contributes to.
contributes to function
Relates a role to a function it contributes to.
cost
The cost at which benefit is provided to a stakeholder in a context.
describes entity
Relates a feature to the entity it characterizes.
describes phenomenon
Relates a feature to the phenomenon it characterizes.
descriptive model
desired effect
An effect or target condition a mission aims to bring about.
desires
desire
Relates a stakeholder to a goal it wishes to see achieved or maintained.
environment of
Relates an environment to the system whose environment it is.
executes
Relates an agent or actuator to an action it carries out.
exerts
Relates an engine to a modelet it is able to exert.
exerts modelet
Relates an exertion to a modelet executed in it.
exhibited by
Relates a phenomenon to an entity that exhibits it.
failed
final time
The time instant at which a time interval ends.
focuses on system
Relates a system of interest to the target system of the extended system it concerns.
follows policy
Relates an action specification to the policy that determined its candidate actions.
has acceptance criterion
A criterion under which a capability counts as successfully performed.
has adverse event
Relates a risk to the adverse occurrence whose potential it measures.
has aspect
Relates a modelet to the aspect of its referent that it represents.
has assignee
Relates an action order to the agent designated to execute it.
has candidate action
Relates a policy to an action it may select as an admissible response.
has component
Relates a system to one of the entities that compose it.
has component state
Relates a system state to the state of one of the components of that system.
has condition
A condition deemed relevant in a context, or required for a capability to hold.
has context
Relates a term to the context within which it is stated.
has description
A textual account of a term instance.
has desired state
Relates a goal to a system state it aims to achieve or maintain.
has environment
Relates an extended system to the environment of its target system.
has environment entity
Relates an environment, or an extended system, to an entity that belongs to that environment.
has epistemic state
Relates model metadata to the epistemic standing of the model.
has expected performance
Relates a functionality to a performance measure it is expected to attain.
has input feature
Relates a meaning to a feature it was derived from.
has interest in
interest
Relates a stakeholder to an extended system whose behavior or outcomes matter to it.
has knowledge item
A piece of content retained about an extended system in a context.
has measure type
Relates a metric or performance measure to its kind of performance measure.
has metadata
Relates a model to its descriptive metadata record.
has metamodeling level
Relates model metadata to the OMG MOF layer at which the model sits.
has metric
Relates a mission success criterion to the metric it is expressed with.
has model type
Relates a model to its kind of representation.
has modelet
Relates a model, engine, cognitive function or meaning to a modelet it comprises or draws on.
has performance constraint
Relates model metadata to a performance constraint on the use of the model.
has performance measure
Relates an evaluation to a performance measure it takes into account.
has planned action
Relates a task to one of the actions planned to carry it out.
has potential behavior
Relates a projection to the potential behavior it maps.
has provenance
Relates model metadata to the origin and lifecycle standing of the model.
has referent
represents referent
Relates a model or modelet to the entity it represents.
has relation
Relates a system to one of the binary relations holding between its components.
has relation state
Relates a system state to the state of one of the relations of that system.
has responsibility
A responsibility carried by an entity that assumes a role.
has risk
Relates an evaluation to a risk it takes into account.
has role constraint
A constraint imposed on an entity that assumes a role.
has scalability constraint
Relates model metadata to a scalability constraint on the use of the model.
has source
Relates a binary relation to the entity it holds from.
has specification
Relates an action order to the action specification it activates.
has stakeholder
Relates a term to the stakeholder whose standpoint it is stated from.
has state
Relates a system trajectory to one of the system states in its sequence.
has status
Relates an action order status to the execution status it holds.
has subject
Relates a measure or characterization to the entity it is stated about.
has success criterion
Relates a mission specification to one of its mission success criteria.
has system-environment relation
Relates an extended system to a binary relation holding between its target system and an entity of its environment.
has target
Relates a binary relation to the entity it holds to.
has target system
Relates an extended system to the system that is its target.
has task
Relates a mission plan to one of the tasks it comprises.
has time interval
Relates an occurrence to the time interval over which it is considered.
has trajectory
Relates an exhibited or potential behavior to a system trajectory it comprises.
has trigger condition
Relates an action trigger to the condition whose satisfaction fires it.
hybrid model
identifier
A unique identifier for a model instance.
information
The information content encoded by a feature.
initial time
The time instant at which a time interval starts.
instantiates capability
Relates a functionality to the capability it instantiates.
intended use
The purpose a model is intended for, such as simulation or prediction.
is actionable
Whether a model can be used to produce action.
is adaptable
Whether a system is able to change its own structure or behavior.
is composable
Whether a model or modelet can be composed with others.
is exertable on its own
Whether a model or modelet can be exerted without being composed with others.
likelihood
The probability, between 0 and 1, that the adverse event of a risk occurs.
manifests capability
Relates an exhibited behavior to a capability it makes manifest.
maximum response time
The largest response time admissible when a model is used, in seconds.
maximum number of users
The largest number of concurrent users admissible when a model is used.
measure value
The value attained by a performance measure.
measures behavior
Relates a performance measure to the exhibited behavior it assesses.
meta model
model class
The abstract structure or mathematical category of a model.
model formalism
The notation or formal representation used to express a model.
modelled phenomenon
The real-world or conceptual system or process that a model represents.
name
The name by which a term instance is known.
not triggered
number of users
The number of concurrent users actually served when a model is used.
observes
Relates a sensor to an entity it is able to observe.
pairs engine
Relates a modelet-engine pair to its engine.
pairs modelet
Relates a modelet-engine pair to its modelet.
parameter aspect
performance aspect
physical model
played by
Relates a role to an entity that assumes it.
produces data
Relates a sense action to the raw data it yields.
property aspect
pursues goal
Relates a term to a goal it is intended to contribute to.
raw value
An encoded value carried by a datum.
realized by
Relates an estimation to the modelet-engine pair that realizes it.
realizes
Relates a capability to the function it makes available.
requires capability
Relates a task to a capability of the target system that the task requires.
responds to trigger
Relates a policy or action specification to the action trigger it answers.
satisfaction condition
The condition under which a mission success criterion counts as met.
selects action
Relates an action specification to an action it selects for execution.
senses
Relates a sensor to a sense action it performs.
senses entity
Relates a sense action to the entity it acquires data about.
severity
The magnitude of the negative effect should the adverse event of a risk occur.
state of
Relates an entity state to the entity whose state it is.
state of relation
Relates a binary relation state to the binary relation whose state it is.
states aspect
status of
Relates an action order status to the action order whose status it records.
structure aspect
succeeded
time instant
The time instant at which a state holds.
timed out
trajectory of
Relates a system trajectory to the system whose evolution it describes.
used by
Relates a model to the entity that uses it.
uses engine
Relates an exertion to the engine that performs it.
alternative label
definition